Enter password to continue
Multi-Regional Input-Output tables map economic flows between sectors and countries, revealing how production in one sector depends on output from others — including across borders.
Layer 1 → Final: direct suppliers to the assembler.
Layer 2 → Layer 1: suppliers to the direct suppliers.
Layer 3 → Layer 2: further upstream raw inputs.
The Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) and Battery Electric Vehicle (EV) supply chains differ in their upstream sector composition — EV shifts dependency away from fossil fuels toward battery materials and electronics.
Higher coefficients indicate stronger supply chain dependency. Both ICE and EV are shown side by side for direct comparison. Use Sankey, Heatmap, and Flow Map for detailed analysis.